Modal Verbs in English.

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ENGLISH COURSE ( MODAL VERBS ).

Modal Verbs:

Can/could

May/might

Must

Need

Have to

Should

Dare

RULES FOR MODAL VERBS:

*Modal Verbs-MV

1) MV + infinitive (without "to")

You must go away.

You can play chess.

2)MV take no "S" in the 3rd person singular (he, she, it).

It can happen.

He can play football.

3)MV do not change their form according to tense (they stay the same in every tense).

4)MV are used without "do" in negative sentences.

Negative: Subject + MV + not + verb.

She might not have an exam tomorrow.

He can not play chess.

CONTRACTIONS:

can - cannot - can't

could - could not - couldn't

might - might not - mightn't

may - may not - none

must - must not - mustn't

need – need not – needn’t

have to – not have to -none

should - should not - shouldn't

dare – dare not – daren’t

5)Questions are formed: MV + subject + verb

Could you spell your name, please?

Will you close the window?

1)CAN/COULD

-Can- мочь или уметь.

I can run fast.

She can draw.

Could-мочь , уметь, но в прошедшем времению

I could run fast when I was younger (in the past).

She could draw when she was younger (in the past).

-Can you...?

Could you..?

When you ask somebody to do something.(Не могли бы вы...)

(Could is more formal)

Could you pass me the sugar?

Can you help me?

Exercises: Present: I can/could play the piano; I can't/couldn’t play the violin.

Past: I can/could play the piano as a child; I cannot/couldn't play the violin as a child.

Present: I'm free now. We can/could go.

Present: I can/could stay at Danny's when he's out of town. / I cann’t/could stay at Danny's when he's out of town.

MAY/MIGHT

-May - используем когда просим или даем разрешение что-то сделать.

May I ask you a question?

May I open the window?

May and Might -вероятность какого-либо действия (возможно, вероятно).

It might rain.

Exercises: She may/might not go to school tomorrow.

I might/may watch another episode.

You may/might bring a partner to our event.

He may/might have been.

-MUST- обязан , должен.

You must go away.

I am extremely hungry. I must eat something.

Exercises:We___not be late

You___be mistaken.

That ___make you about five years old.

But you___help me.

-NEED-нужно , необходимо.

You do not need to shout.I can hear you perfectly.

You have lost your shoes so you need to buy a new pair.

Exercises: You___take off your shoes.

Nobody___know the name of the person who made the complaint.

Not a thing___change on this page.

-HAVE TO -нужно , необходимо (не так серьезно ,как "must").

Do you have to go to the doctor?

As she has wrecked my trainers, she has to buy me a new pair of shoes.

-SHOULD- следует.С помощью этого глагола вы даем совет , выражаем свою точку зрения.

You should eat more vegetables if you want to be healthy.

She should watch this film.

Exercises: You have to/has to go to school.

They have/had to clean the house.

He has/have to see the doctor.

You___to drive slower than 110 km/h on highways.

What ___you to say for yourself?

You have/has to wear a uniform in class.

My brother has/have to drink milk before going to bed.

-DARE- сметь ( иметь наглость что-то сделать).

How dare you talk to me this way?! - Как ты смеешь со мной так говорить?

She dare not contradict her boss. ( Она не смеет противоречить своему начальнику).

Exercises: ___I do it?

___he do it?

Dare not/dares not he do it?

I do not dare/does not dare to do it.

He does not___ to do it.

He___dare to do it.